From Barn to Field: Plastic Pathways

In this webinar, we discuss how the use of plastics in agriculture contributes to soil contamination, microplastic pollution, and reduced long-term soil health. Single-use plastics like mulch films, bale wrap, and silage bags and covers can degrade into contaminants that can alter soil pH, disrupt microbial communities, and hinder plant growth. Additionally, plastic residues can leach hazardous chemicals, which could end up in the food chain. The panel addresses concerns about plastic use in agricultural settings, alternatives to traditional plastics, recycling agricultural plastics, and equipment design to handle agricultural plastics. This presentation was broadcast on August 21, 2026.

An application for continuing education credit for Certified Crop Advisors (CCAs) and members of the American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists (ARPAS) will be submitted.

Panel Discussion – From Barn to Field: Plastic Pathways

All Speakers (1:00:31)

About the Speakers

Leslie Johnson, University of Nebraska

Leslie Johnson Standing in front of cattle on her farm.
Leslie Johnson, University of Nebraska

Leslie Johnson is the Animal Manure Management Extension Educator at the University of Nebraska – Lincoln. She does regular manure programming across the state of Nebraska and serves the Livestock and Poultry Environmental Learning Community in many ways. Additionally, she is actively engaged in her family’s farming operation in rural Wayne County. On their farm, they raise dryland row crops, alfalfa, and have a small cow-calf herd and a few chickens and ducks.

George Huber, University of Wisconsin

2026 Studio Portrait of George Huber, Richard L. Antoine Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering
George Huber, University of Wisconsin

George W. Huber is the Richard L. Antoine Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and a leading researcher in sustainable plastics, renewable chemicals, and the circular bioeconomy. His research develops new biodegradable plastics and biobased materials designed to meet performance needs while reducing environmental impacts, alongside technologies for recycling and upcycling existing plastic waste. As founding Executive Director of the U.S. Department of Energy-funded Center for Chemical Upcycling of Waste Plastics (CUWP), he has led efforts to create scalable solutions for managing plastic waste and advancing sustainable materials. Professor Huber has published over 230 scientific papers, holds more than 30 patents, and has co-founded several companies to commercialize innovations in renewable chemicals, sustainable plastics, and waste valorization.

Loren Haselhorst, Christensen Family Farms

Loren Haselhorst, Christensen Family Farms

Loren is an Agronomist with Christensen Family Farms. His focus on manure management, compliance, and record-keeping. He is a Certified Crop Advisor. Loren also has a grain and livestock operation with his family.

Bobbi Stromer, USDA ARS

Bobbi Stromer, USDA ARS

Bobbi is a chemist with a decade of experience investigating how chemicals interact with surfaces. She earned a bachelor’s degree in chemistry from the University of Nebraska Kearney and a PhD from the University of Connecticut. She focuses on leveraging knowledge of chemicals and the environment to design impactful solutions.

Mindy Spiehs (moderator), USDA ARS

Mindy Spiehs, USDA ARS

Mindy is a Research Animal Scientist evaluating effects of diet, housing, livestock bedding material, and other management factors on odor and greenhouse gas emissions from livestock waste and housing facilities.

More Resources on the Topic

Find out more about this webinar and future webinars by the Livestock and Poultry Environmental Learning Community (LPELC).

 

 

Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Land Applied Swine Manure: Development of Method Based on Static Flux Chambers

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Abstract

A new method was used at the Ag 450 Farm Iowa State University (41.98N, 93.65W) from October 24, 2012 through December 14, 2012 to assess GHG emission from land-applied swine manure on crop land. Gas samples were collected daily from four static flux chambers.  Gas method detection limits were 1.99 ppm, 170 ppb, and 20.7 ppb for CO2, CH4 and N2O, respectively.  Measured gas concentrations were used to estimate flux using four different models, i.e., (1) linear regression, (2) non-linear regression, (3) non-equilibrium, and (4) revised Hutchinson & Mosier (HMR). Sixteen days of baseline measurements (before manure application) were followed by manure application with deep injection (at 41.2 m3/ha), and thirty seven days of measurements after manure application.  

Static flux chamber (pictured) method was developed to measure greenhouse gas emissions from land-applied swine manure from a corn-on-corn system in central Iowa in the Fall of 2012.  Gas samples were collected in vials and transported to the Air Quality Laboratory at Iowa State University campus. 

Why Study Greenhouse Gases and Land Application of Swine Manure?

Assessment of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from land-applied swine manure is needed for improved process-based modeling of nitrogen and carbon cycles in animal-crop production systems.

What Did We Do?

We developed novel method for measurement and estimation of greenhouse gas (CO2, CH4, N2O) flux (mass/area/time) from land-applied swine manure. New method is based on gas emissions collection with static flux chambers (surface coverage area of 0.134 m^2 and a head space volume of 7 L) and gas analysis with a GC-FID-ECD.

Baseline (post tilling) greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions monitoring was followed with swine manure application in the Fall of 2012 (pictured) and about 10 weeks of post-application monitoring of GHGs.

New method is also applicable to measure fluxes of GHGs from area sources involving crops and soils, agricultural waste management, municipal, and industrial waste.  New method was used at the Ag 450 Farm Iowa State Univeristy (41.98 N, 93.65 W) from October 24, 2012 through December 14, 2012 to assess GHG emission from land-applied swine manure on crop (corn on corn) land. Gas samples were collected daily from four static flux chambers. Gas method detection limits were 1.99 ppm, 170 ppb, and 20.7 ppb for CO2, CH4, and N2O, respectively.

What Have We Learned?

Measured gas concentrations were used to estimate flux using four different mathematical models, i.e., (1) linear regression, (2) non-linear regression, (3) non-equilibrium, and (4) revised Hutchinson & Mosier (HMR). Sixteen days of baseline measurements (before manure application) were followed by manure application with deep injection (at 41.2 m3/ha), and thirty seven days of measurements after manure application.   Preliminary net cumulative flux estimates ranged from 115,000 to 462,000 g/ha of CO2, -4.65 to 204 g/ha of CH4, and 860 to 2,720 g/ha N2O.  These ranges are consistent with those reported in literature for similar climatic conditions and manure application method.

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) were analyzed in the Air Quality Laboratory (ISU) using dedicated GHGs gas chromatograph.  The picture above shows an example of gas sample analysis for CO2, GH4 and N2O.  Each ‘peak’ represents one of the tagget GHGs.  Gas concentrations were used in a mathematical model to estimate GHG flux (mass emitted/area/time).

Future Plans

Spring 2013 measurements of GHG flux from land-applied swine manure are planned.  The spring study will follow the protocols developed for the Fall 2012 season.  Estimates of the Spring and Fall GHG flux will be used to develop GHG emission factors for emissions from swine manure in Midwestern corn-on-corn systems.  Emission factors will be compared with literature data.

Authors

Dr. Jacek Koziel, Associate Professor, Iowa State University Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering koziel@iastate.edu

Devin Maurer, Research Associate, Iowa State University Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering

Kelsey Bruning, Undergraduate Research Assistant, Iowa State University Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering

Tanner Lewis, Undergraduate Research Assistant, Iowa State University Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering

Danica Tamaye, Undergraduate Research Assistant, University of Hawaii College of Agriculture, Forestry, and Natural Resource Management

William Salas, Applied Geosolutions

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the National Pork Board for supporting this research.

 

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